Friday, April 5, 2013

Venezuela's Flores: from Chavez's lawyer to first lady?

By Marianna Parraga

CARACAS (Reuters) - A tough lawyer who helped win Hugo Chavez's release from prison after a failed coup two decades ago, Venezuela's former attorney general Cilia Flores has since never been far from the circle of power around the late socialist leader.

If her partner, acting President Nicolas Maduro, wins an April 14 election to replace Chavez after his death from cancer, the 60-year-old Flores will become even more influential.

"She has a fiery character. What you saw of her in parliament, that's exactly what she is like at home," Maduro told one rally.

"But I always have the last word, when I say 'You're right my dear!'" he joked, presenting Flores to the crowd as a leading member of his campaign team.

A law graduate from the private Santa Maria university in Caracas, Flores first shot to attention in 1994 when she helped secure the release of Chavez from prison. He had been sent there after leading a failed coup attempt two years earlier.

Four years after his release, Flores helped the charismatic but divisive former soldier win power in a presidential election. She has since become the most powerful woman in Venezuelan politics.

After serving as a loyal "Chavista" lawmaker in the National Assembly, in 2006 she became the first woman elected as president of the legislature - taking over the role from Maduro.

Between 2005 and 2010, dissident lawmakers boycotted the Assembly, partly in protest at pressure from the government for them to join Chavez's Socialist Party.

Opposition candidates stood again at parliamentary elections in 2010 that gave them 40 percent of the seats.

That ballot was widely seen as a protest vote by Venezuelans who accused lawmakers of neglecting grassroots problems such as crime, inflation and problems with public services.

At this testing time for the Socialist Party, Flores moved from the president's chair back to the floor of the house where she was a central figure in enforcing discipline in the ranks.

In 2012, she was named by Chavez as attorney general. And during the last weeks of his illness, she staunchly backed up the government at key moments - defending it against opposition accusations that there was a power vacuum while the president fought to recover from his fourth and final cancer operation.

"She has been an excellent official who completed the president's instructions to the letter," said a senior National Assembly official who worked closely with Flores.

"She will be Maduro's 'strong arm'. She has authority, the ability to command, and she is a woman who moves quietly."

'I'LL DEFEND MY FAMILY'

Flores' strong character is well known in the legislature, where critics accused her of using her influence to secure jobs for dozens of close associates and relatives. They included four brothers, two nephews, two cousins and her ex-husband, who is the father of her son and daughter.

She hit back at any allegations of impropriety.

"I feel proud that they are my family and I will defend them as workers in the Assembly," she said at the time, accusing journalists who published the claims of trying to blackmail her.

She also showed her determination in leading a drive to allow only state media cameras to cover debates in the Assembly after opposition lawmakers returned to the chamber in 2011.

"Out of order, deputy!" she once said to a former colleague while switching off his microphone as he complained that the government was not addressing the daily problems of voters.

In recent weeks, Flores has left behind the elegant outfits she favored as a senior official to put on her campaign boots - dressing down in jeans and casual wear to join the often track suit-clad Maduro at chaotic, dusty rallies in provincial cities.

Joining Maduro at his public events, she has sometimes had her hair dyed red, under a baseball cap in the colors of the Venezuelan flag and bearing the legend "4F" - referring to February 4, 1992, the date of Chavez's failed coup attempt.

"The far-right believes the commander-president lost his battle for health," she told one recent rally. "We tell them: you've got it wrong again ... The president didn't die, he multiplied, he became immortal, and here he is, millions-strong!"

While never shy to strike out at critics, the experienced Flores is seen as a calm operator. Some colleagues attribute that to her being a follower of the late Indian spiritual guru Sai Baba, whom she and Maduro visited in India in 2005.

Thrusting her into the spotlight during the campaign, Maduro has recounted her life story growing up in a mud-floored home in rural Cojedes state, and then the poor "barrio" of Catia in western Caracas, before going on to give her services to Chavez's self-styled revolution.

Maduro often talks about how Flores' family were harassed by the police back then because of her unconditional support for Chavez. It remains unclear exactly what role Flores will play if Maduro wins the vote and continues Chavez's leftist project.

It is also not known whether she would push for moderate policies, or take a more radical line. Like Maduro and many top officials, her fierce loyalty to Chavez precluded offering any different opinions when he was president.

When they first met, Maduro joked recently, during those "years of struggle" as she fought to free Chavez from prison, the feisty lawyer broke the ice by winking at him.

They have been a Chavista "power couple" since then, although they are not believed to be married. Flores could be appointed to a ministry or another influential position, perhaps - given her legal background - president of the Supreme Court.

In any case, a Maduro election win would cement her position as the most powerful woman in Venezuelan politics.

"I've told her she is not going to be First Lady," Maduro said recently, adding that official ranks meant nothing to them.

"I've told her to get ready to be the First Fighter of the fatherland, the First Socialist, the first woman of the people of the barrios, of the streets," he added, giving her a kiss.

(Writing by Daniel Wallis; Editing by Andrew Cawthorne, Kieran Murray and Philip Barbara)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/venezuelas-flores-chavezs-lawyer-first-lady-151409726.html

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North Korea moves missile to east as nuclear crisis escalates

Spokeswoman Victoria Nuland discusses the increase of aggressive rhetoric that is being expressed on a regular basis by the North Korean government.

By Robert Windrem, Jim Miklaszewski and Courtney Kube, NBC News

North Korea is moving a medium-range missile to a site in the east of the country, a U.S. intelligence official said Thursday as tensions with the nuclear-armed state continued to escalate.

The official declined to say where the Musudan missile was headed, but the North has used a site near the Russian border on the coast for its missile tests in the past.

In response to North Korea's announcement that they will be deploying "small, light" nuclear strikes, the Pentagon has announced it is sending an anti-ballistic missile system to Guam. NBC's Richard Engel reports.

South Korean Defense Minister Kim Kwan-jin told lawmakers Thursday that the missile had "considerable range" but not enough to hit the U.S. mainland, according to The Associated Press.

The news came hours after North Korea's military warned that it had been authorized to attack the U.S. using "smaller, lighter and diversified" nuclear weapons -- the latest in a string of war cries against America in recent weeks.

"The moment of explosion is approaching fast,? the military statement said.

Tensions on the Korean Peninsula rose in December when the North test-fired a rocket and increased again when it tested a nuclear bomb in February.

Russia joined the ranks of countries voicing concern at the escalating crisis, saying the North's disregard for United Nations? restrictions was unacceptable.

The U.S. is sending an advanced anti-ballistic missile system to Guam to protect American military sites, officials said Wednesday.

The Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense system is expected to arrive at the U.S. territory in the Pacific within two weeks.

'Real and clear danger'
Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel said the North?s provocations were "a real and clear danger and threat" to U.S. interests and stressed that Washington was taking them seriously.

U.S. officials tell NBC News they believe North Korea does have the capability to put a nuclear weapon on a missile and that they have missile deliverable nukes. Those missiles, however, cannot go more than 1000 miles. NBC's Richard Engel reports.

"We are doing everything we can ... to defuse that situation on the peninsula," Hagel said after a speech Wednesday at the National Defense University at Fort McNair in Washington, D.C.

"I hope the North will ratchet this very dangerous rhetoric down," he said, adding that there is a pathway to peace but only if Pyongyang decides to be "a responsible member of the world community."

On Thursday, North Korea warned its military had been authorized to carry out "cutting-edge, smaller, lighter and diversified" nuclear strikes to protect itself against the United States.

"The moment of explosion is approaching fast. No one can say a war will break out in Korea or not and whether it will break out today or tomorrow," read the statement of an unnamed military spokesman.

The statement, which was carried by the state-run Korean Central News Agency (KCNA), informed the White House and the Pentagon that "the merciless operation of its revolutionary armed forces in this regard has been finally examined and ratified."

It also made reference to U.S. jet sorties over the Korean Peninsula, which Pentagon officials have said are part of routine, joint military drills with South Korea.

If North Korea were to employ nuclear weapons, it would impact U.S. troops and pressure Japan and South Korea to also consider obtaining nuclear weapons – something that could lead to an all-out arms race.  NBC's Andrea Mitchell reports.

"The U.S. high-handed hostile policy toward the DPRK aimed to encroach upon its sovereignty and the dignity of its supreme leadership and bring down its social system is being implemented through actual military actions without hesitation," the North?s statement read.

Meanwhile, a former U.N. official who visited North Korea last year reported that officials there said they could restart the Yongbyon reactor in three months. That is significantly quicker than many U.S. nuclear experts believe a restart would take.

U.S. officials said they did not believe the operation would be a huge engineering challenge.

A restart would, however, be significant, as it would give North Korea the capability to make weapons-grade plutonium again. The reactor was shut down in 2007.

"North Korea's assertion that it intends to bring Yongbyon back online can't be easily written off as an insurmountable hurdle," one U.S. official said.

The Associated Press and NBC News' Marc Smith, Alastair Jamieson,?Andrea Mitchell and Becky Bratu contributed to this report.

Related:

What happens if North Korea gets out of hand? Here are some scenarios

NBC News' Jim Maceda responds to your questions on North Korea tensions

Full North Korea coverage from NBC News

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Thursday, April 4, 2013

CA-BUSINESS Summary

TSX ends lower as gold stocks tumble

TORONTO (Reuters) - Canada's main stock index slipped on Tuesday, pulled lower by gold stocks which took a beating as the price of bullion tumbled, with investors gravitating towards riskier assets following positive U.S. and European economic data. The Toronto Stock Exchange's S&P/TSX composite index <.gsptse> unofficially closed down 13.04 points, or 0.10 percent, at 12,682.10. Seven of the 10 main sectors of the index were higher.

Canadian auto sales dip in March, but close to record

TORONTO (Reuters) - Canadian auto sales ticked down a modest 0.7 percent in March, declining for the fourth straight month, but industry data released on Tuesday showed new vehicle sales came close to matching record-setting numbers from last year. Buoyed by strong demand for its pick-up trucks, Ford Canada was top seller for the month with a 1.6 percent sales increase, while Chrysler took second spot with a 6.5 percent jump. General Motors sales tumbled nearly 11 percent.

Analysis: Spills flame Canadian oil debate, but won't curb flows to U.S

CALGARY, Alberta (Reuters) - Two high-profile oil spills won't stem the now-record flow of Canadian oil into the United States, despite the frenzy that the spills triggered among friends and foes of the Keystone XL pipeline to the main U.S. refineries. The fate of Keystone remains undecided, yet Canadian crude will become an increasing part of the U.S. energy mix, despite growing competition from new U.S. production.

Credit Suisse says NY mortgage case too little, too late

NEW YORK (Reuters) - Credit Suisse Group AG asked a court to dismiss a lawsuit by New York Attorney General Eric Schneiderman that accuses the Swiss bank of deceiving investors in mortgage-backed securities that resulted in $11.2 billion of losses. In a Monday filing in the New York State Supreme Court in Manhattan, Credit Suisse said the attorney general waited too long, was precluded by federal law, and was not specific enough in detailing the alleged wrongdoing to allow the case to go forward.

Cyprus finance minister quits after bailout concludes, investigation begins

NICOSIA (Reuters) - Cyprus's finance minister resigned on Tuesday after concluding a 10 billion euro bailout deal with international lenders in which the country slashed its dominant banking sector and hit depositors with losses. Michael Sarris, a lead player in talks with International Monetary Fund and European Union lenders, said he had completed his task but also that he was likely to come under scrutiny in an investigation into the crisis.

Forex controls inhibiting global growth: Bank of Canada's Murray

OTTAWA (Reuters) - Countries that impose capital controls and accumulate reserves are delaying the adjustments needed to help the global economy grow fully, Bank of Canada Deputy Governor John Murray said on Tuesday. "There is a sense that, as indicated by the reserves that have been accumulated and the capital controls - there certainly has been resistance on certain fronts," Murray said in a presentation in Washington that was webcast.

Forex controls hinder global growth: Bank of Canada deputy governor

OTTAWA (Reuters) - Countries that impose capital controls and accumulate reserves are delaying the adjustments needed to help the global economy grow fully, Bank of Canada Deputy Governor John Murray said on Tuesday, adding that he did not want to blame anyone country. "There is a sense that, as indicated by the reserves that have been accumulated and the capital controls, there certainly has been resistance on certain fronts," Murray said in a presentation in Washington that was webcast.

Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan gets 13 percent return for 2012

TORONTO (Reuters) - The Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, one of Canada's top investors, said on Tuesday it had a 13.0 percent rate of return on its investments in 2012, bringing net assets to a record high C$129.5 billion ($127.4 billion). With a fourth straight year of double-digit returns, the global dealmaker, which administers the pension plan for public-system teachers in Canada's most populous province, said it would expand its thrust into emerging markets as it seeks acquisitions across asset classes that will add long-term value and income to the underfunded pension plan.

TransCanada moves forward on West-East oil pipeline plan

CALGARY, Alberta (Reuters) - TransCanada Corp on Tuesday pushed ahead with plans to take Western Canadian crude to eastern refineries and Canada's busiest oil port as it seeks new markets beyond those it wanted for its stalled Keystone XL pipeline project. TransCanada said it will give shippers two months to sign contracts to use its proposed 4,400 kilometer (2,700 mile) Energy East Pipeline project, Canada's longest oil pipeline, which could take as much as 850,000 barrels per day to Montreal, Quebec City and Saint John, New Brunswick.

BofA settles for $165 million with credit union regulator

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Bank of America Corp agreed to pay $165 million to settle charges by the U.S. credit union regulator involving sales of mortgage-backed securities to corporate credit unions that led them to fail, the regulator said on Tuesday. In February, the bank disclosed it had reached a preliminary agreement with the National Credit Union Administration, and said it would be covered by existing reserves, but did not disclose a value at the time.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/ca-business-summary-031530416--finance.html

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Tweet about 'Daily Show' boomerangs on US Embassy

FILE - In this Oct. 18, 2012 file photo, Jon Stewart speaks during a taping of "The Daily Show with John Stewart", in New York. The U.S. Embassy in Cairo has at least temporarily shut down its Twitter feed following an unusual diplomatic incident involving "The Daily Show" host Jon Stewart and the Egyptian government. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster, file)

FILE - In this Oct. 18, 2012 file photo, Jon Stewart speaks during a taping of "The Daily Show with John Stewart", in New York. The U.S. Embassy in Cairo has at least temporarily shut down its Twitter feed following an unusual diplomatic incident involving "The Daily Show" host Jon Stewart and the Egyptian government. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster, file)

(AP) ? Yikes! It seems "The Daily Show" and diplomacy don't mix.

That's the lesson the U.S. Embassy in Cairo is learning the hard way after being rebuked by both the Egyptian government and the State Department for causing an international incident. The embassy tweeted a link to a Jon Stewart monologue that mocked Egypt's president ? offending the Egyptians ? and then deleted its entire Twitter account before restoring it without the post in question, irritating Washington.

Egyptian President Mohammed Morsi's office called the tweet "inappropriate" and unbecoming of a diplomatic mission while the State Department said the unusual affair was the result of "glitches" in the embassy's social media policies that are now being corrected.

The imbroglio over the tweet comes at a time of rising tensions between Cairo and Washington, which has expressed deep concerns that Morsi's government is backsliding on human rights protections.

And, it underscores the pitfalls of allowing individual American embassies to control the messages they disseminate through social media.

The trouble began on Tuesday when the embassy posted a link to Stewart's monologue on his Comedy Central show the night before. Stewart took savage aim at Morsi for the arrest and interrogation of Egyptian comic Bassam Youssef, who has frequently criticized the president on a popular television program that has been likened to Stewart's own.

In the clip, Stewart accused Morsi of being petty, undemocratic and ignoring more pressing problems like Egypt's economic crisis and violent crime to go after satirists who are critical of his government. He pointed out that he has made a living by poking fun at political leaders and that such activity is harmless and should be protected.

Morsi's office responded to the embassy's post on its own Twitter feed, saying: "It's inappropriate for a diplomatic mission to engage in such negative political propaganda."

The embassy responded on Wednesday by deleting its entire Twitter account, drawing the wrath of State Department headquarters in Washington, which was already peeved by the initial post. The account was then restored minus the Stewart tweet.

"Embassies and consulates and their senior leadership manage the content that is on their feeds and they are expected to use good policy judgment in doing that," State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said.

On Monday, Nuland had made comments similar to Stewart's, although more nuanced and couched in diplomatic terms, about Youssef's arrest.

She declined to say if the State Department agreed with the Egyptian government's criticism of the tweet. But she suggested the embassy had erred by posting a link to a video that is already widely available on the Internet.

"I can't speak to the decision to re-tweet Jon Stewart to start with," she said. "But Jon Stewart is a comedy show in the U.S., as you know. It is publicly available content."

She said the "glitches" she referred to were "the fact that they obviously put up something that they later took down, that they took down the whole site, which should not probably have been the way that went, and that in the past there have been differences between the Twitter team and senior post management."

The U.S. Embassy in Cairo last year engaged in a public spat with Morsi's Muslim Brotherhood over the breach of the embassy's walls by protesters upset over an anti-Islam film produced in the U.S. and posted on the Web.

Steve Albani, spokesman for Comedy Central, declined to comment on the flap.

Nuland stressed that the U.S. position on the arrest of Youssef, whom she described as Egypt's "Jon Stewart counterpart," remained unchanged since Monday when she referred to it as part of a "''disturbing trend" of growing restrictions on freedom of expression in Egypt.

"There does not seem to be an evenhanded application of justice here," she said, adding that the Egyptian government has been slow to investigate police brutality or attacks on anti-Morsi protesters and journalists.

On Tuesday, the Muslim Brotherhood's Freedom and Justice Party denounced Nuland's comments as "blatant interference" in Egypt's internal affairs.

Hours later, Secretary of State John Kerry jumped into the fray saying that Washington has "real concerns about the direction Egypt appears to be moving in," adding that the country is at a "tipping point."

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/495d344a0d10421e9baa8ee77029cfbd/Article_2013-04-03-US-Egypt-Jon%20Stewart/id-8f8bce6efad347c882a927dc1fed800d

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Scissor-like enzyme points toward treatment of infectious disease

Scissor-like enzyme points toward treatment of infectious disease [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 4-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Deborah Wormser
deborah.wormser@utsouthwestern.edu
214-648-3404
UT Southwestern Medical Center

DALLAS April 4, 2013 UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers report that a pathogen annually blamed for an estimated 90 million cases of food-borne illness defeats a host's immune response by using a fat-snipping enzyme to cut off cellular communication.

"Our findings provide insight into severe bacterial infectious diseases, as well as some forms of cancer, in which the attachment of fat molecules to proteins is an essential feature of the disease process," said Dr. Neal Alto, assistant professor of microbiology and senior author of the study in today's print edition of Nature. The study's first author is Nikolay Burnaevskiy, a graduate student in microbiology.

The research group discovered a scissor-like enzyme that specifically cuts off functionally-essential fatty acids from proteins. "The one we studied in particular a 14-carbon saturated fatty acid called myristic acid has received a lot of attention due to its crucial role in the transformation of normal cells to cancer cells and for promoting cancer cell growth," Dr. Alto said.

Because of the fat's importance in human disease, researchers have tried for years to identify effective methods to remove them from proteins. "To our amazement, bacteria have invented the precise tool for the job," Dr Alto said.

The bacteria used in this study, Shigella flexneri, are able to cross the intestinal wall and infect immune cells. Other intestinal bacteria, such as E. coli, are unable to do this. Once Shigella encounters immune system cells, including white blood cells such as macrophages, the bacteria use a needle-like complex to inject the cells with about 20 bacterial toxins.

The UTSW researchers conducted a series of experiments to characterize one of those toxins, called IpaJ, chosen in part because so little was known about the protein. They not only discovered IpaJ's fat-cutting ability, but also determined how the protein disables the immune system's communication infrastructure, which Dr. Alto compared to knocking out a bridge needed to deliver a package.

"Normally, a macrophage will engulf an invading bacteria and send out cytokines, proteins that act as cellular alert signals, which in turn recruit more immune cells to the site of infection," Dr. Alto said. "When the macrophages engulf Shigella, however, the bacteria use IpaJ to cut fatty acids from proteins, which need those fats attached in order to sound the alarm. Doing so buys more time for the bacteria to grow and survive.

"It's very interesting from a disease process point of view, but it's also important because we now have a potential drug target," said Dr. Alto. The next step, he said, will be to identify small molecule inhibitors that are specific to this fat-snipping protease and that might be developed into drugs.

###

The study in Nature received support from the National Institutes of Health, the Welch Foundation, and the Burroughs Wellcome Fund.

Other researchers from UTSW involved are Dr. Steven Patrie, assistant professor of pathology; former pediatrics fellow Dr. Thomas Fox, now an assistant professor of clinical pediatrics at Indiana University; Daniel Plymire, a graduate student of pathology in the molecular biophysics program; and graduate students Andrey Selyunin and Bethany Weigele, both in the molecular microbiology program. Researchers from the University of Cincinnati also participated in the investigation.

About UT Southwestern Medical Center

UT Southwestern, one of the premier academic medical centers in the nation, integrates pioneering biomedical research with exceptional clinical care and education. The institution's faculty has many distinguished members, including five who have been awarded Nobel Prizes since 1985. Numbering more than 2,700, the faculty is responsible for groundbreaking medical advances and is committed to translating science-driven research quickly to new clinical treatments. UT Southwestern physicians provide medical care in 40 specialties to nearly 100,000 hospitalized patients and oversee more than 2.1 million outpatient visits a year.

This news release is available on our World Wide Web home page at http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/home/news/index.html

To automatically receive news releases from UT Southwestern via email, subscribe at http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/receivenews


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Scissor-like enzyme points toward treatment of infectious disease [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 4-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Deborah Wormser
deborah.wormser@utsouthwestern.edu
214-648-3404
UT Southwestern Medical Center

DALLAS April 4, 2013 UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers report that a pathogen annually blamed for an estimated 90 million cases of food-borne illness defeats a host's immune response by using a fat-snipping enzyme to cut off cellular communication.

"Our findings provide insight into severe bacterial infectious diseases, as well as some forms of cancer, in which the attachment of fat molecules to proteins is an essential feature of the disease process," said Dr. Neal Alto, assistant professor of microbiology and senior author of the study in today's print edition of Nature. The study's first author is Nikolay Burnaevskiy, a graduate student in microbiology.

The research group discovered a scissor-like enzyme that specifically cuts off functionally-essential fatty acids from proteins. "The one we studied in particular a 14-carbon saturated fatty acid called myristic acid has received a lot of attention due to its crucial role in the transformation of normal cells to cancer cells and for promoting cancer cell growth," Dr. Alto said.

Because of the fat's importance in human disease, researchers have tried for years to identify effective methods to remove them from proteins. "To our amazement, bacteria have invented the precise tool for the job," Dr Alto said.

The bacteria used in this study, Shigella flexneri, are able to cross the intestinal wall and infect immune cells. Other intestinal bacteria, such as E. coli, are unable to do this. Once Shigella encounters immune system cells, including white blood cells such as macrophages, the bacteria use a needle-like complex to inject the cells with about 20 bacterial toxins.

The UTSW researchers conducted a series of experiments to characterize one of those toxins, called IpaJ, chosen in part because so little was known about the protein. They not only discovered IpaJ's fat-cutting ability, but also determined how the protein disables the immune system's communication infrastructure, which Dr. Alto compared to knocking out a bridge needed to deliver a package.

"Normally, a macrophage will engulf an invading bacteria and send out cytokines, proteins that act as cellular alert signals, which in turn recruit more immune cells to the site of infection," Dr. Alto said. "When the macrophages engulf Shigella, however, the bacteria use IpaJ to cut fatty acids from proteins, which need those fats attached in order to sound the alarm. Doing so buys more time for the bacteria to grow and survive.

"It's very interesting from a disease process point of view, but it's also important because we now have a potential drug target," said Dr. Alto. The next step, he said, will be to identify small molecule inhibitors that are specific to this fat-snipping protease and that might be developed into drugs.

###

The study in Nature received support from the National Institutes of Health, the Welch Foundation, and the Burroughs Wellcome Fund.

Other researchers from UTSW involved are Dr. Steven Patrie, assistant professor of pathology; former pediatrics fellow Dr. Thomas Fox, now an assistant professor of clinical pediatrics at Indiana University; Daniel Plymire, a graduate student of pathology in the molecular biophysics program; and graduate students Andrey Selyunin and Bethany Weigele, both in the molecular microbiology program. Researchers from the University of Cincinnati also participated in the investigation.

About UT Southwestern Medical Center

UT Southwestern, one of the premier academic medical centers in the nation, integrates pioneering biomedical research with exceptional clinical care and education. The institution's faculty has many distinguished members, including five who have been awarded Nobel Prizes since 1985. Numbering more than 2,700, the faculty is responsible for groundbreaking medical advances and is committed to translating science-driven research quickly to new clinical treatments. UT Southwestern physicians provide medical care in 40 specialties to nearly 100,000 hospitalized patients and oversee more than 2.1 million outpatient visits a year.

This news release is available on our World Wide Web home page at http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/home/news/index.html

To automatically receive news releases from UT Southwestern via email, subscribe at http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/receivenews


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/usmc-sep040313.php

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Dancing With the Stars Results: Who's In? Who's Out?

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Quantum cryptography: On wings of light

Apr. 3, 2013 ? Physicists from Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich have, for the first time, successfully transmitted a secure quantum code through the atmosphere from an aircraft to a ground station.

Can worldwide communication ever be fully secure? Quantum physicists believe they can provide secret keys using quantum cryptography via satellite. Unlike communication based on classical bits, quantum cryptography employs the quantum states of single light quanta (photons) for the exchange of data. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle limits the precision with which the position and momentum of a quantum particle can be determined simultaneously, but can also be exploited for secure information transfer. Like its classical counterpart, quantum cryptography requires a shared key with which the parties encode and decode messages. However, quantum mechanical phenomena guarantee the security of quantum key distribution. Because quantum states are fragile, interception of the key by an eavesdropper will alter the behavior properties of the particles, and thus becomes detectable.

This encrypting strategy is already being used by some government agencies and banks. Data are sent either along glass-fiber cables or through the atmosphere. However, optical key distribution via these channels is limited to distances of less than 200 km, due to signal losses along the way. In 2007, LMU physicist Harald Weinfurter and his group successfully transmitted a key over 144 km of free space between ground stations on the islands of Tenerife and La Palma. Distribution of such keys via satellite networks would make secure data transmission possible on a global scale.

Optical data from a mobile transmitter

A team led by Weinfurter and Sebastian Nauerth at the Physics Faculty at LMU Munich, in collaboration with the German Center for Aeronautics and Space Research (DLR), has now succeeded in optically transmitting quantum information between a ground station and a plane in flight. This is the first time that quantum cryptography has been used for communication with a mobile transmitter.

The quantum channel was integrated into DLR's laser-based, wireless communications system, allowing DLR's expertise and experience with the system to be utilized in the realization of the experiment.

"This demonstrates that quantum cryptography can be implemented as an extension to existing systems," says LMU's Sebastian Nauerth. In the experiment, single photons were sent from the aircraft to the receiver on the ground. The challenge was to ensure that the photons could be precisely directed at the telescope on the ground in spite of the impact of mechanical vibrations and air turbulence. "With the aid of rapidly movable mirrors, a targeting precision of less than 3 m over a distance of 20 km was achieved," reports Florian Moll, project leader at the DLR's Institute for Communication and Navigation. With this level of accuracy, William Tell could have hit the apple on his son's head even from a distance of 500 m.

With respect to the rate of signal loss and the effects of air turbulence, the conditions encountered during the experiment were comparable to those expected for transmission via satellite. The same holds for the angular velocity of the aircraft. The success of the experiment therefore represents an important step towards secure satellite-based global communication.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen (LMU).

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Journal Reference:

  1. Sebastian Nauerth, Florian Moll, Markus Rau, Christian Fuchs, Joachim Horwath, Stefan Frick, Harald Weinfurter. Air-to-ground quantum communication. Nature Photonics, 2013; DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2013.46

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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_technology/~3/r6SO1PxT03c/130403071950.htm

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